Modifications to Acts 20/22 Incentives

On November 21st and  November 24th, 2014, Senate bills 864 and 1020 were sent to La Fortaleza for the governor's signature.  These bills will work to broaden the pool of people and companies eligible for Acts 20/22 incentives. Among the modifications to the Acts is a reduction in the minimum time one must have lived away from Puerto Rico to qualify for incentives.  The incentives include exemptions from passive investment income taxes, including capital-gains.  Presently the time period away from PR is 15 years, the amendments will reduce it 6 years. In addition there are modifications to Puerto Rico's mandatory inheritance laws.  

Act 1020  has provisions to allow trading companies,  distribution and logistics, assembly, and bottling and management services as types of businesses and services eligible for of Act 20/Act 73 incentives.  These incentives reduce the corporate tax rate to 4% on income generated from the export of certain professional services, including but not limited to financial, legal, and technology services.  

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive and my be forward looking. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

 

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Disclaimer

The information on this website is general information and is for educational use only and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

 

IRS CIRCULAR 230 DISCLOSURE:

To comply with requirements imposed by the Department of the Treasury, Isla CPA informs you that any U.S. tax advice contained in this post (including any attachments) is not intended or written by the practitioner to be used, and that it cannot be used by any  taxpayer, for the purpose of (i) avoiding penalties that may be imposed on the taxpayer, and (ii) supporting the promotion or marketing of any transactions or matters addressed herein.

Puerto Rico Tax Changes Affecting Individual Taxpayers

In July 2014, Act 77 was codified into law.  In it were several amendments to the Internal Revenue Code of Puerto Rico.  Changes affecting individual taxpayers include, but were not limited to, changes in the alternate basic tax bracket, credits for prior year alternate tax payments, changes to individual long-term capital gains, and individual dividend distribution tax rate.  The individual long-term capital gains rate for individuals increased to 15% for all transaction occurring after June 2014.   Similarly, the individual tax rate for dividend distributions was also increased to 15% for all transaction occurring after June 2014. There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

 

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Disclaimer

The information on this website is general information and is for educational use only and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

 

IRS CIRCULAR 230 DISCLOSURE:

To comply with requirements imposed by the Department of the Treasury, Isla CPA informs you that any U.S. tax advice contained in this post (including any attachments) is not intended or written by the practitioner to be used, and that it cannot be used by any  taxpayer, for the purpose of (i) avoiding penalties that may be imposed on the taxpayer, and (ii) supporting the promotion or marketing of any transactions or matters addressed herein.

Issues with PICO and the collection of Sales and Use Tax (IVU) at the Ports

Puerto Rico encountered problems in implementing the 6% IVU Sales and Use Tax collection at the ports during its September roll-out.  The problem was due to the PICO system - which presently is an optional system of filing the tax. Despite the roll-out problems, the tax is still required to be paid via the traditional means by utilizing paper forms.  Once fully implemented the PICO system will be the only way to make IVU payments at the ports.

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

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Disclaimer

The information on this website is general information and is for educational use only and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

IRS CIRCULAR 230 DISCLOSURE: 

To comply with requirements imposed by the Department of the 

  Treasury, we inform you that any U.S. tax advice contained in this post (including any 

attachments) is not intended or written by the practitioner to be used, and that it cannot be used by any

  

taxpayer, for the purpose of (i) avoiding penalties that may be imposed on the taxpayer, and (ii) 

supporting the promotion or marketing of any transactions or matters addressed herein

Puerto Rico Sales and Use Tax Modifications in 2014

On July 1st, 2014 Act No. 80 of 2014 was passed.  In the act were amendments regarding the Sales and Use Tax for Puerto Rico.

Modifications we made to: Monthly Sales and Use Tax Returns, Sales and Use Tax bond for Importers, Exempt Purchases Certificates, Foreign Trade Zones, and Sales and Use Tax Credit Limitations.

Some details of the modifications include: a new date for monthly Sales and Use Tax filing, a new form " Use tax Declaration for Release of Tangible Personal Property", and a new requirement for the Importers Bond to cover 100% of the Sales and Use Tax obligation plus an additional 25% for penalties and fees.  In addition, for the purposes of the Sales and Use Tax, tangible personal property destined for foreign trade zones within Puerto Rico must be declared and will be subject to Sales and Use Tax.

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

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Disclaimer

The information on this website is general information and is for educational use only and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

IRS CIRCULAR 230 DISCLOSURE: 

To comply with requirements imposed by the Department of the 

  Treasury, we inform you that any U.S. tax advice contained in this post (including any 

attachments) is not intended or written by the practitioner to be used, and that it cannot be used by any

  

taxpayer, for the purpose of (i) avoiding penalties that may be imposed on the taxpayer, and (ii) 

supporting the promotion or marketing of any transactions or matters addressed herein.

Tourism Development in Puerto Rico

The Tourism Development Act of Puerto Rico of 2010 (Act 74) provides incentives for tourism businesses. This act covers hostels, guesthouses, hotels, condo-hotels, and timeshares/vacation clubs. In addition it includes theme parks, golf courses, marinas for tourism, however casinos are excluded.  

The Act also establishes a tax credit of the minimum of 10% of the total cost of the project or 50% of equity invested (including land). The credit is made available over a two year period. Any unused tax credits may be carried forward.  Additionally, the tax credits may be assigned, transferred or sold.  

In order to qualify, a business must be utilizing new facilities, substantially improved facilities or existing facilities which have not been used for three or more years. 

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

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Disclaimer

The information on this website is general information and is for educational use only and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

IRS CIRCULAR 230 DISCLOSURE: 

To comply with requirements imposed by the Department of the 

 Treasury, we inform you that any U.S. tax advice contained in this post (including any 

attachments) is not intended or written by the practitioner to be used, and that it cannot be used by any

  

taxpayer, for the purpose of (i) avoiding penalties that may be imposed on the taxpayer, and (ii) 

supporting the promotion or marketing of any transactions or matters addressed herein.

International Insurer and Reinsurer (Act 98)

Act 98 which is known as the International Insurer and Reinsurer Act (IIRA) enables the creation of international insurers, reinsurers and holding companies. These companies are eligible for attractive tax treatment. The intent of the act was to facilitate the growth of export insurance and reinsurance sectors by establishing a level playing field for Puerto Rico insurers to compete with Bermuda, Cayman Islands etc. Only insurer/reinsurers or another international insurer holding companies that are approved by the Commissioner of Insurance are eligible for this attractive tax treatment. Generally, the tax treatment is 0% on income tax dividends, distributions from liquidation, as well as other taxes. In addition, revenues for non-residents may also be exempt. 

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

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Disclaimer

The information on this website is general information and is for educational use only and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

IRS CIRCULAR 230 DISCLOSURE: 

To comply with requirements imposed by the Department of the 

Treasury, we inform you that any U.S. tax advice contained in this post (including any 

attachments) is not intended or written by the practitioner to be used, and that it cannot be used by any

 

taxpayer, for the purpose of (i) avoiding penalties that may be imposed on the taxpayer, and (ii) 

supporting the promotion or marketing of any transactions or matters addressed herein.

Puerto Rico Real Estate Investment Trusts (REIT)

Under Puerto Rico law Real Estate Investment Trusts are permitted to be formed allowing real estate ventures to receive a tax designation for corporations investing in real property that reduces or eliminates corporate income taxes.  This is designation is similar to REIT structures in the United States.  The definition of "Real Property" includes, Apartment Buildings, Hospital facilities, Hotels, Manufacturing buildings, Office buildings, Parking facilities, Shopping facilities, etc.

In order to become a REIT one needs to conform with type-of-income and source-of income requirements in the Puerto Rico code.  The rules include but are not limited to a requirement that Puerto Rico REITs must have 95% or more of the gross income be derived from:  

• Dividends; 

• Interest; 

• Rents from real property; 

• Gain from the sale or other disposition of securities or real property (with certain rules)

Additionally, at least 75% of gross income must be derived from:  

•  Rents from Puerto Rico real property;  

•  Interest on obligations secured by mortgages in Puerto Rico;  

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

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Disclaimer

The information on this website is general information and is for educational use only and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

IRS CIRCULAR 230 DISCLOSURE: 

To comply with requirements imposed by the Department of the 

Treasury, we inform you that any U.S. tax advice contained in this communication (including any 

attachments) is not intended or written by the practitioner to be used, and that it cannot be used by any 

taxpayer, for the purpose of (i) avoiding penalties that may be imposed on the taxpayer, and (ii) 

supporting the promotion or marketing of any transactions or matters addressed herein.

Export Service Companies - Act 20 Grant

Act 20, which provides incentives for export service companies of bona-fide residents of Puerto Rico provides certain incentives in the form of a grant.  The grant that is issued is actually a form of contract between the Puerto Rico resident and the government of Puerto Rico.  As such, the export services rendered and the services described under the under the contract must be materially be the same.  For the activities described in the contract, a 4% income tax rate is applicable.  However, for the services outside of those described in the contract, the regular Puerto Rico corporate income tax rate applies.

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

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Disclaimer

The information on this website is general information and is for educational use only and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

High Volume Business Supplementary Information

In December of 2013, Puerto Rico enacted legislation known as Act 163 that added new requirements for filing in regard to high volume business. Among other things, taxpayers with a volume of business equal to $3 million dollars or greater are required to file supplemental information.  

Supplemental information includes:

Volume Business Declaration which contains information on total gross income, itemized income, sales returns.  For business like gas stations a declaration on the volume of gas sold is required.

Personal Property Tax Supplemental Information

Beginning year cash balances, cash in transit, Inventory

Income Tax Supplemental Information

Verification of withholdings and payment of wages, verification of proper sales and use tax payment, etc.

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

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Disclaimer

The information on this website is general information and is for educational use only and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

Job Posting: Accounting Bookkeeper / Analyst

POST DATE: June 5th, 2014
POST TITLE: Accounting Bookkeeper / Analyst
LOCATION/DEPARTMENT: Isla CPA – San Juan, PR (Miramar)
REPORTS TO: CPA Accountant    
WAGE TYPE: Hourly
HOURS: Monday – Friday (9:00AM – 5.30PM)

OBJECTIVE & RESPONSIBILITIES
Maintain accurate financial records and help prepare and analyze accounts for all types of businesses. Will be required to provide administrative and clerical support to CPA accountants. The position holder will be required to work flexibly, in a rapidly developing office environment. It may be necessary to assist other staff from time to time. 

The key duties of the position are as follows:

• General book-keeping duties to include:
• Double entry book-keeping;
• Processing sales invoices;
• Receipts and payments;
• Bank Account Reconciliations;
• Completing IVU returns;
• Preparing wage and withholding from source monthly deposits;
• Helping prepare P&L statements and balance sheets;
• Quarterly Payroll Returns and others;
• Communicate and liaise verbally and in writing between clients/visitors/enquirers and staff and interpret and respond clearly and effectively to spoken requests over the phone or in person, and to verbal or written instructions.
• Manage, organize and update relevant data using database applications.
• Establish and maintain effective working relationships with co-workers, supervisors and the general public.
• Maintain regular consistent and professional attendance, punctuality, personal appearance and adherence to relevant health and safety procedures.
• Adhere to procedures relating to the proper use and care of equipment and materials for which the role has responsibility.
• Plus other duties consistent with the position-level as directed.

For more information, please send a Resume and Cover Letter to careers@islacpa.com 

Because of the changing nature of our business your job description will inevitably change. You will, from time to time, be required to undertake other activities of a similar nature that fall within your capabilities as directed by management.

Act 20 Puerto Rico Export Service Companies

Act 20 is designed to provide tax benefits to business including but not limited to the following sectors:

• Advertising and Public Relations; 
  
• Economic, Environmental, Technological, Scientific Services
  
• Investment Banking/Financial Services; 
  
• Legal, Tax and Accounting Services; 
  
• Management, Marketing, Human Resources, Information and Audit Consulting Services;
  
• Software Development and Research/Development,
  

In order to qualify for the Act 20 tax grant, a business must have minimum of three employees, each of which must be a resident of Puerto Rico. Generally, the new Puerto Rico resident is one of such employees. Act 20's benefits include a reduced income tax rate and partial municipal license tax exemption over a 20 year period.  Benefits are through a grant of tax benefits issued by Puerto Rico's Secretary of the Department of Economic Development and Commerce.

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

Puerto Rico Corporation Personal Property Tax Return

The return for Puerto Rico Corporation Personal Property Tax is due on the 15th of May each year.  A 90 day extension is available. 

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

Doing Business in Puerto Rico: Business Entity Registration at the Puerto Rico Tax Agencies

All Puerto Rico business operations must register with the appropriate agencies.  This list of agencies includes but is not limited to: Department of State, Treasury Department, Municipal Revenue Collection & the Municipality, State Insurance, and the Department of Labor & Human Resources.  For Sales & Use Tax registration, a business must present a Merchant Registration Certificate from both the Puerto Rico Government level and the Municipality. Certificate and registrations must be requested before the Company commences operations in PR.  Oftentimes provisional registrations will be promptly issued.

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.

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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

Establishing New Legal Entity for Business Operations in Puerto Rico

When establishing a business in Puerto Rico, the business owners have an array of choices for when selecting the appropriate business type for their operations.  These include: Business Trusts, Cooperatives, Corporations, International Banking Entities, Insurance Companies, Joint Ventures, Limited Liability Company, Partnership, Public Private Partnerships, Real Estate Investment Trusts, Registered Investment Company, Sole Proprietorship.  When selecting a business model please be aware that each has its own set of rules for qualification, and each has distinct implications from the perspective of tax, insurance, and liability.  The facts and circumstances of a business owners operations are important in determining the appropriate type of business.

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.


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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

Reminder: Puerto Rico Residency Rules for Personal Taxation

An individual is considered a a resident of Puerto Rico if he or she is considered domiciled on the island.  This usually means that a person must be present in Puerto Rico for at least 180 days per calendar year.  In addition for a person to be considered a bona fide resident of the island, one must not claim partial year residency in another local (in addition to other tests). The facts and circumstances are important in determining residency status.

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.


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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

Amnesty (Relevo) Departamento de Estado - Deadline April 15, 2014

Departamento de Estado has approved an Amnesty. 

This is a great opportunity to pay any overdue Annual Fees and file any old Annual Reports. Late fees will be eliminated if filings are done before the April 15th deadline. 

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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

Source Of Income Rules

The source of income is important in determining if the income may be excluded under section 933 of the Internal Revenue Code. Below are the general rules for determining the source of your income:

Example Of Source Of Income Rules

Item of Income: Salaries and other compensation  -  Factor Determining Source: Where the service is performed

Item of Income: Pensions Contributions  -  Factor Determining Source: Where services were performed that earned the pension

Item of Income: Pensions Investment earnings  -  Factor Determining Source: Where pension trust is located

Item of Income: Interest  -   Factor Determining Source: Residence of the payer

Item of Income: Dividends  -  Factor Determining Source: Location of payer

Item of Income: Rents  -  Factor Determining Source: Location of property

Item of Income: Royalties Natural resources  -  Factor Determining Source:  Location of property

Item of Income: Royalties Patents, copyrights, etc  -   Factor Determining Source: Where the property is used

Item of Income: Sale of real property  -  Factor Determining Source: Location of property

Item of Income: Sale of personal property  -  Factor Determining Source: *Seller’s tax home (but see Special Rules for Gains From Dispositions of Certain Property for exceptions)

 

 

*Caution: There are special rules for gains from dispositions of certain investment property (for example, stocks, bonds, debt instruments, diamonds, and gold) owned by a U.S. citizen or resident alien prior to becoming a bona fide resident of a possession. You

are subject to these special rules if you meet both of the following conditions:

• For the tax year for which the source of gain must be determined, you are a bona fide resident of Puerto Rico.

• For any of the 10 years preceding that year, you were a citizen or resident alien of the United States (other than a bona fide resident

of Puerto Rico).

• If you meet these conditions, gains from the disposition of this property will not be treated as income from sources within the relevant

possession for purposes of the Internal Revenue Code.

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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

Quick Q & A

We receive the following question quite often and  below is the answer:

Q: Cual es la diferencia a la hora de rendir, tener un formulario 480.6A en vez del 480.6B?

A: En términos generales: 

El formulario 480.6B es la "Declaración Informativa - Ingresos Sujetos a Retención". El formulario contiene el campo "Cantidad Retenida". El contribuyente que recibe pagos debe someter una copia de la 480.6B (el triplicado) al rendir su planilla de contribución sobre ingresos.

El formulario 480.6A es una "Declaración Informativa - Ingresos no Sujetos a Retención"

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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

Reminder: Taxation of Internet Sales

On June 30, 2013 - Act 42-2013 clarified rules on Sales and Use Tax in regard to the internet.  It defines the term "Merchant" to better address internet and remote sales.  There are additional regulations associated with this amended definition.

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.


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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

Income Tax Workshop for Individuals and Corporations

Our weekend was as productive as any day during the week. We participated in the "Income Tax Workshop for Individuals and Corporations" organized by the San Juan Chapter of the Puerto Rico Society of CPA. 

We had a great overview of the income tax filing provisions applicable for 2013 for corporations and individuals. Also participated in the discussion related to the changes brought by Acts 40 and 117, including the alternative minimum tax calculation changes. 

"Sources of income" rules was another important topic discussed.

Wine and cheese at the end was an added benefit at the end after a weekend spent working.

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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

Moratorium of Tax Credits

In 2013 Puerto Rico passed the law House Bill 1073, “Law for the Redistribution and Tax Burden Adjustment.” This legislation was part of an effort by Puerto Rico to increase government revenues.  The Act reestablished a moratorium of tax credits.  This moratorium is for taxable years that began in 2013 and end before 2016.  The rules of legislation do allow for certain circumstances where credits acquired before June 30, 2013 can be used, but there are limitations and actions were required to have been taken in 2013 to preserve eligibility.

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.


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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

2013 W-2 forms

W-2 forms are out and being distributed to all our clients' employees. It was a busy week but we met the deadline a day in advance. We are already working on the 480's submissions.

2013 in Review: Modifications to Puerto Rico Alternative Minimum Tax for Corporations

The Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) calculation was modified to account for a tentative minimum tax calculation that includes - 30% tentative minimum tax on alternative minimum net income; or the value from the sum of:

• Payments for related party non-PR services -- 20% tentative minimum tax. (This can include services from a home office to its Puerto Rico local office)
• Personal property acquisitions and purchases from corporate related parties -- 2% tentative minimum tax
• Special Gross Income Tax - special tax ranging from 0.20% to 0.85% depending on the level of the gross income

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.


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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.

2013 in Review, New Puerto Rico Taxable Services

In 2013 certain cervices became taxable that were previously not taxed. These services include, but are not limited to:

• Banking Account Management Charges/Fees to Commercial Clients
• Car Rentals – Daily Rentals
• Cleaning – Laundry Services
• Cleaning -- Maid Services
• Repair and Maintenance Services – Real Property and Tangible Property
• Security and Protective Services
• Waste Collection Services

There are more rules and this post contains simplifications and is not comprehensive. Additionally, as always, a professional should be consulted and be presented with specific information.


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Disclaimer
The information on this website is general information and is for educational use and has not been verified for accuracy nor completeness. You, the reader, should further research your specific individual situation. In addition you should contact your accounting professional for professional advice derived from specific details from your structure and financial position.